Vietnam (Washington Insider Magazine)— Amid rising tensions over the Kremlin’s actions in Ukraine, Vietnam hosted Russian President Vladimir Putin with great ceremony, disregarding US disapproval. This significant visit was preceded by a strategic pact between Putin and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, promising mutual military support in case of aggression.
Strengthening Ties and Commemorating History
In honor of the Treaty on the Basic Principles of Relations’ 30th anniversary, Putin met with Vietnamese President Lam during his two-day visit. In terms of foreign policy, the leaders underlined their continued dedication to independence, self-sufficiency, diversification, and multilateralism. The meeting ended with the signing of over ten agreements, including plans to construct a nuclear technology center in Vietnam, and the acceptance of a proclamation to deepen their strategic alliance.
Soviet Union’s Legacy in Vietnam
According to Larazon, Putin highlighted the Soviet Union’s support during Vietnam’s conflicts with France and the United States, and its contributions to post-war reconstruction. He also expressed a shared interest in developing a strong security architecture in the Asia-Pacific and advocated for peaceful dispute resolution, opposing the formation of exclusive military blocs.
Seeking Support Amid Isolation
Facing international condemnation and isolation due to the Ukraine invasion, Putin seeks backing from allies such as China, North Korea, Iran, and Myanmar. Putin’s visit to Hanoi reinforces Moscow’s narrative of maintaining influence in Southeast Asia.
Balancing Relations with the US
Despite growing ties with the US, Vietnam’s relationship with Russia remains strong. Many of Vietnam’s Communist Party leaders, including General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong, have historical ties to the Soviet Union, an important ally during the Vietnam War. The US, however, views Vietnam as a crucial partner in its Indo-Pacific strategy and has significantly strengthened bilateral relations.
Diplomatic Crossroads and Economic Ambitions
As the conflict in Ukraine escalates, Vietnam faces diplomatic challenges. The US Embassy in Hanoi has criticized Putin’s visit, warning against providing a platform for Russia’s aggression and potential violations of international law. Vietnam must balance its economic goals, needing American support while considering its defense ties and national interests.
Limited Prospects for Economic Ties
Economic relations between Russia and Vietnam face hurdles due to US sanctions on Russia. Nonetheless, Vietnam hopes for continued Russian involvement in its South China Sea hydrocarbon projects, despite Chinese obstruction. Joint ventures like Rusvietpetro are benefiting from Russian tax concessions.
Shifting Arms Trade Dynamics
Vietnam’s arms trade with Russia, once pivotal, is now in question. With Russia seeking support from China, North Korea, and Iran to sustain its defense industry, Vietnam is increasingly diversifying its arms sources. Russian arms transfers to Vietnam have significantly decreased since their peak in 2014 and continue to decline following the Ukraine invasion.
