Africa (Transatantic Today) – The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared a global health emergency in response to the rising Mpox outbreaks in Africa. This decision follows a similar declaration by the African Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which reported over 14,000 cases and 524 deaths across the continent. The recent rise has been worsened by a new, potentially more transmissible variant of the virus.
Mpox, also known as monkeypox, was first identified by scientists in monkeys in 1958. Originally restricted to Central and West Africa, the virus has now spread worldwide. Originally spread through animal contact, Mpox was identified as transmissible through sexual contact in 2022, leading to outbreaks in over 70 countries. The virus causes similar symptoms to smallpox, including fever and rash, but is generally less severe.
The recent surge in cases is particularly alarming. Mpox has now been detected in at least 13 African nations, with a 160% increase in cases and a 19% rise in deaths compared to last year. A new variant emerging in Congo has been linked to higher mortality and easier transmission. This variant differs from previous strains by causing lesions in more discreet areas, making it harder to diagnose and control.
Impact of the WHO’s Emergency Declaration
The WHO’s declaration aims to mobilize global resources and response efforts. However, previous emergency declarations have yielded mixed results. The Africa CDC’s declaration seeks to galvanize international support, highlighting that current control measures are insufficient and calling for increased resources and aid.
Differences from the 2022 Outbreak
According to APnews, the 2022 global outbreak primarily affected gay and bisexual men and was largely contained through vaccination and behavioral changes in wealthier nations. In contrast, the current outbreak in Africa is disproportionately affecting children, with over 70% of cases and 85% of deaths in Congo involving individuals under 15. The reasons for this disparity are still under investigation, with theories suggesting increased susceptibility in children or exacerbated by overcrowded living conditions.
Addressing the current outbreak requires a multifaceted approach. Vaccination efforts, including smallpox vaccines, are seen as critical to controlling the virus. The WHO has released $1.45 million from its emergency fund to support the response in Africa but estimates that an initial $15 million is needed for a comprehensive effort. Discussions with donors are ongoing to secure additional vaccine supplies and funding.
As the situation evolves, global health agencies are intensifying their efforts to prevent further spread and mitigate the impact of mpox.
